Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

"ADHD is a neurological disorder that develops during childhood and can persist into adulthood."

What is ADHD?

ADHD is a common behavioral disorder that affects an estimated 8% to 10% of school-age children. Boys are about three times more likely than girls to be diagnosed with it, though it's not yet understood why.

Kids with ADHD act without thinking, are hyperactive, and have trouble focusing. They may understand what's expected of them but have trouble following through because they can't sit still, pay attention, or attend to details.

The Good News is that with proper treatment, kids with ADHD can learn to successfully live with and manage their symptoms.

Who Gets ADHD?

About 9% of kids have ADHD. Kids who have ADHD usually start having problems in preschool. 

Boys have ADHD more often than girls. In fact, three times as many boys have ADHD.

Causes of ADHD

ADHD has biological origins that aren't yet clearly understood. NO single cause has been identified, but researchers are exploring a number of possible genetic and environmental links. Studies have shown that many kids with ADHD have a close relative who also has the disorder.

Although experts are unsure whether this is a cause of the disorder, they have found that certain areas of the brain are about 5% to 10% smaller in size and activity in kids with ADHD. 

Chemical changes in the brain also have been found. The chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine are of special interest. 

Dopamine and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters, or chemical messengers, that affect both mental and emotional functioning.

Research also links smoking during pregnancy to later ADHD in a child. Other risk factors may include premature delivery, very low birth weight, and injuries to the brain at birth.